1 MORE STEP TOWARDS STRENGTHENING BI-LATERAL RELATIONS

           INDIA BANGLADESH LAND BOUNDARY AGREEMENT BILL

    We are talking about the land created at mid-night in 1947 and got independence in 1971 in the east of India which we know as ‘BANGLADESH’ and its neighbouring land which is the most dominating nation in South Asia called 'INDIA'. India and Bangladesh Shares the boundary of 4096 KM .Indian states such as West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Mizoram and Meghalaya shares the boundary with Bangladesh. In 1947 the border between this two countries were known as Redcliff line. There were disputes over it in the start but then  Nehru tried to solve some in 1958.when Bangladesh got independence in 1971, some initial steps were taken by both the governments to settle the border issue in 1974. But it almost took 41 years to resolve the issue. Most of the international boundary line passes through plain lands, rivers and even though from villages and cities over the houses. The border security forces have their camps near the border and continuously keep sight on illegal immigration from Bangladesh to India. Many conferences were held between both countries officials to solve the issue of border. The shoot on sight orders have been given by Indian force if anyone found crossing the border. 

     Due to pending border issue following were problems were faced across border

    When the partition was done in 1947 there were some enclaves formed .many Indian territories were in Bangladesh and most of Bangladesh territories were within India. The people living in these enclaves were not having direct physical contact with their nation. Their nationality was not secured. They lack in facilities such as proper drinking water, electricity, transport, etc. Even though proper education was not provided to them. They used to live like a tribal population hanging in between two nations. They were not able to enjoy the full rights of India and Bangladesh.

    There was illegal immigration from Bangladesh to India. Most of the immigration was in west Bengal and Assam. The local politicians also supported this immigration and never took any action against it. This created great impact on the lives of local citizens. There was rush in getting the basic facilities from government due to rise in population. Even the small business, handloom works were dominated by illegal immigrants. The responsibility to stop all this was given on the shoulders of Indian border security forces. The most important threat was smuggling of drugs, precious metals and stones and illegal works. As the shoot on sight orders were given to Indian BSF there were many people killed across border while crossing it including innocent people, some of them were farmers.The biggest problem faced by whole world along with India is terrorism. Just recently few bomb explosions had created great terror in the minds of people in west Bengal. Bangladesh along with Nepal was most contributing factors in spreading terrorism in India. Terrorist organizations found very easy to cross this borders because there is no fence and most of the area along border is plain. The local mafia also helps in cross border migration.

LAND BOUNDARY AGREEMENT BILL 

    The bill was first introduced in 2013 by Dr. Manmohan singh our ex prime minister under UPA government. But it took 2 years to clear the political path in both the houses. The work on this bill was started in 1974 and after doing various changes both nations appreciated it. Here are some key points related to bill-

• Exchange of territories will take place. The territories from west Bengal, Assam, Tripura and Meghalaya will be acquired or transferred.
• 111 Indian enclaves in Bangladesh and 51 Bangladeshi enclaves in India will be rehabilitated. 
• Actually there will not be any transfer of land on ground; the people will stay in their respective residential villages only. The exchange of territories will only be on paper. Indian enclaves in Bangladesh will be given to Bangladesh and their enclaves in India will be transferred here.
• The total land of 2777.038 acres will be transferred to India.
• Bangladesh will get 2267.682 acres of land.

ADVANTAGES

    There are advantages in redefining the boundary between india and Bangladesh, which are as follows:

• As the protocol takes into consideration the situation on ground and also the wishes of people.
• It also takes into consideration the views of concern state government and their consent.
• The exchange of enclaves will help in providing the residents the basic amenities and facilities.
• This agreement will help to create peace along the border.
• It provides permanent solution to the decades old issue.
• It will help in improvement of bilateral relations between India and Bangladesh.
• It will stop illegal immigration and illegal smuggling of goods across border.
• It will also help in reducing terrorism in India.

       The issue between India and Bangladesh has been solved but still India has to take lot of efforts to improve bilateral ties between both. Bangladesh lacks in infrastructure, education, science and technology, space and standard of living. India should increase her investment in Bangladesh and help her in developing. The trade between both nations should increase, which will boost the economies of both the nations.

    Now the time has come to solve the border dispute with Pakistan and china. 

MERITS OF LAND ACQUISITION BILL

      ‘DEVELOPMENT’, the word that formed the new government in 2014 by creating history. Now it’s time to make that, what we called as ‘DEVELOPMENT’. So towards that the NDA government has taken some step by making some changes to land acquisition bill.

     If we look towards the developed countries their economy shifted from agriculture to industries and then to service sector. But Indian economy directly shifted from Agriculture to service sector. India failed to develop and encourage industries. Now the make in India campaign is the new way to develop so. To set up industries in India there is need of land. Hence, some changes are mandatory to land acquisition bill to acquire the land easily to set up industries. The contribution of industrial sector to GDP should increase.

CONDITION OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA

     Since independence India’s main occupation is agriculture .According to the survey of 2009-10, 53% of employees were working in agricultural sector. As more population is working in agricultural

sector the contribution to GDP should be high. But that is not the case, the contribution was only 14% in 2014-15.So there is need to develop agriculture as well as industries in India. The condition of agriculture also has not improved in last 67 years. If we look on to the graph of contribution of agriculture to Indian GDP it shows decline nature. The contribution fall from 50%+ to 14% .But the strength of employees in agriculture has not declined up to that level. What could be the reason behind that? Still lot of work has to be done in developing nation called ‘INDIA’.


REASON FOR UNDERDEVELOPED AGRICULTURE
     The government subsidies have hampered the productivity of farmers enhancing investment. The worst rural roads, shortage of power, ports, food storage, retail market and services are inadequate. Further, the average size of land holdings is very small, with 70% of holdings being less than one hectare in size. Irrigation facilities are inadequate only 39% of cultivable land was irrigated in 2010.Due to this farmers have to depend on monsoon for agriculture, but due to unfavorable monsoon and its uneven distribution across India leads to less productivity. There are also poor storage facilities of food and infrastructure.

NEED OF LAND ACQUISITION BILL

     As today though India is 7^th largest economy in world but the fact is still we are considered underdeveloped. Because there are many reasons which hamper growth, in which one is slow development of infrastructure, poor transport facility, lack of power, poor irrigation facilities, etc.

For development of all this land is needed. And to acquire some land for providing infrastructure, transport, etc. There is need for improvement in law .Because if the farmers will not give their land for building canal or road how water and transport will reach the next village. Now the people should think for the welfare of human being and should help in developing our nation.

LAND ACQUISITION BILL

     The new land acquisition bill of 2015 has several changes and some of the beneficial changes are listed below –

• If the farmer gives his land in favor of development to government for building infrastructure, irrigation purpose, PPP (public private partnership) projects, power production plant ,etc. then the job for his/her son/daughter will given in written by government.
• The preference in selection of land will be in the manner-government land then barren land and then finally agricultural land will be used.
• The survey of land will be done and then the land which is needed only be taken.
• The land of acquisition for defense is necessary and that will be done with the consent of farmers.
• The land acquired will be used in building canal, highways (improve facilities for speedy and safe transport), for placing railway track and developing railway, for housing (as few months ago government have announced housing for all Indians up to 2022), ETC.
• The law for private corporations will remain same as was given in 2013 bill.
• The farmer’s court will be set up at district level which will give farmer an authority to complain against the decisions taken against them.
• The government will give farmers in written the termination period of project and if the project will not be completed in given time, the land will be given back to farmers and further decisions regarding land will be taken by them.
• Now if the land is given by farmer for construction of dam but the whole dam will not be filled with water for 12 months. So, the available land in dam will be given to farmers for farming until the water level comes to that mark. So there is double profit of money and farming. In bill of 2013 farmers were not given any permission to use given land.
• As in bill of 2013 also didn't needed the consent of farmers and same is given in this bill. But consent of farmers will be needed for corporations to acquire land.
• Soil health card will be given to farmers (soil test in laboratory will be done) and the condition of soil will be improved. This will boost the production.

       If the government corridor of industrial belt is developed on acquired land it will benefit farmers and will also have great impact on social life of people staying near. The employment which will be provided will defiantly help in reducing unemployment. The volume of production in India will increase which will boost export and encourage foreign investment. This will increase the strength of Indian economy. The economic growth will be the further step and will lead to economic development. The make in India campaign will get benefited by this positive approach of land acquisition bill.

      Overall the land acquisition bill is important for industrial as well as agricultural development.

NOW THE POOR WILL NOT DIE POOR

3 awesome schemes, pradhanmantri jivan bima yojna,Atal pension yojna and pradhanmantri jyoti yojna. Under jan dhan yojna more than 100 million banks were opened but most accounts were zero balanced.So to handle this zero balance accounts extra load of millions were laid on banks, so to credit some money in those accounts and putting some steps towards reducing poverty this very beneficial schemes have been started.
   Under pradhanmantri suraksha bima yojna(accidental insurance) the account holder will have to pay only 12 rupees Per year and will get insurance of 2,00,000 rupees Under accidental death or total disability. This scheme is applicable to the people age group of 18 to 70 yrs. The people consent with this scheme will have to auto-debit their account before 31st may and annual renewal is needed.The annual term will be from 1 June to 31 may.The scheme is applicable for saving account.
   Now moving on to another insurance scheme pradhanmantri jeevan jyoti yojna (life insurance) the account holder will have to credit 330 rupees per year and will get insurance of 2,00,000 rupees after death.The death may be by any means. This scheme is applicable to people age group to 18 to 50 years.  As in India more than 90% people don't have insurance. This schemes will mostly benefit the people who are  below poverty line  and will give firm economical support to their family after death.

    The third and last scheme Atal pension yojna also an outstanding scheme will provide financial support after retirement beyond the age of 60. The pension of 1000 to 5000 rupees will be given depending on their annual contribution. The people age group of 18 to 40 years can contribute to this scheme. The period of contribution should be 20 years or more. The central bank will contribute 50% amount or 1000 rupees,whichever is less.If the account holder dies before 60 years of age then the pension will be given to his/her wife/husband. But if both die before completing their 60 years of age then the contributed amount will be given one handed to the person as prescribe by them.
  As according to survey more than 88% workers don't have pension facilities so this will help those poor people whose annual income is less than 1 lak. rupees and those who don pay taxes.
So over all this schemes are very beneficial and will help in economical development of India.By the way this new concept of reducing poverty is good but its future will depend on its application.how much impact it will have on Indian economy that will be great to see.